capacity
One of the biggest differences between DVDs and Blu-ray discs is storage capacity. A Blu-ray disc can hold around 25GB of data. Dual layer Blu-ray discs can store up to 50GB of data. The larger storage capacity of a Blu-ray Disc is a clear advantage over standard DVDs and allows higher quality video and audio to be stored. A standard DVD can contain up to 4.7 gigabytes (GB) of data. Dual-layer DVDs can store around 8.5 to 8.7 GB of data, which is still much less than the smallest Blu-ray discs.
Laser
A DVD is read with a red laser while a Blu-ray is read with a blue laser, hence the name of the latter. The laser wavelength of Blu-ray Disc is 405 nanometers (nm) and that of DVD is 650 nm, which makes Blu-ray Disc provide sharper images.
Data transfer
The data transfer rate for a video/audio DVD is 10.08 Mbps and for a video/audio Blu-ray disc it is 54 Mbps.
resolution
Due to the larger storage capacity of the Blu-ray Disc, much more video and audio data can be stored, allowing for much higher quality video and audio. Blu-ray discs support resolutions up to 1920 x 1080 and frame rates up to 29.97 at the highest resolution (frame rates up to 59.94 at lower resolutions). Blu-ray discs can be played in true HD format. Due to the much smaller storage capacity of a standard DVD, it is not possible to have HD video quality on a DVD.
Availability
Blu-ray is a newer technology than DVD, meaning not all older films are available in Blu-ray format yet. DVD has been around since 1996 and has taken years to develop its library. Almost every movie ever made is available in DVD format, and when you rent movies, you can find the movie in DVD format much easier than on Blu-ray.
thickness
A DVD and a Blu-ray disc have the same thickness (120mm), but each disc's protective coating is different. The DVD has a 0.6mm thick protective coating while the Blu-ray disc has a 0.1mm thick protective coating. Additionally, the Blu-ray's coating is hard while the DVDs are not.
Cost
The price of Blu-ray players is more affordable than ever. Blu-ray discs themselves cost a little more than standard DVDs for movies and TV shows, but the gain from Blu-ray discs far outweighs the moderately increased prices.
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